X-Git-Url: https://tinc-vpn.org/git/browse?p=tinc;a=blobdiff_plain;f=doc%2Ftinc.texi;h=ac52e7b4de2b560af4b374852bc7d0ed18346a10;hp=82a0be46b21e90173937f66c8c671100f4bca97a;hb=78fc59e994c764d072bf0045177f690a378d1308;hpb=2077451e07f93edc520cf5bc31815624a2b03fdd diff --git a/doc/tinc.texi b/doc/tinc.texi index 82a0be46..ac52e7b4 100644 --- a/doc/tinc.texi +++ b/doc/tinc.texi @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ This is the info manual for @value{PACKAGE} version @value{VERSION}, a Virtual Private Network daemon. -Copyright @copyright{} 1998-2006 Ivo Timmermans, +Copyright @copyright{} 1998-2009 Ivo Timmermans, Guus Sliepen and Wessel Dankers . @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ permission notice identical to this one. @cindex copyright This is the info manual for @value{PACKAGE} version @value{VERSION}, a Virtual Private Network daemon. -Copyright @copyright{} 1998-2006 Ivo Timmermans, +Copyright @copyright{} 1998-2009 Ivo Timmermans, Guus Sliepen and Wessel Dankers . @@ -225,8 +225,7 @@ support tinc. @section Configuring the kernel @menu -* Configuration of Linux kernels 2.1.60 up to 2.4.0:: -* Configuration of Linux kernels 2.4.0 and higher:: +* Configuration of Linux kernels:: * Configuration of FreeBSD kernels:: * Configuration of OpenBSD kernels:: * Configuration of NetBSD kernels:: @@ -237,51 +236,11 @@ support tinc. @c ================================================================== -@node Configuration of Linux kernels 2.1.60 up to 2.4.0 -@subsection Configuration of Linux kernels 2.1.60 up to 2.4.0 - -@cindex ethertap -For kernels up to 2.4.0, you need a kernel that supports the ethertap device. -Most distributions come with kernels that already support this. -If not, here are the options you have to turn on when configuring a new kernel: - -@example -Code maturity level options -[*] Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers -Networking options -[*] Kernel/User netlink socket - Netlink device emulation -Network device support - Ethertap network tap -@end example - -If you want to run more than one instance of tinc or other programs that use -the ethertap, you have to compile the ethertap driver as a module, otherwise -you can also choose to compile it directly into the kernel. - -If you decide to build any of these as dynamic kernel modules, it's a good idea -to add these lines to @file{/etc/modules.conf}: - -@example -alias char-major-36 netlink_dev -alias tap0 ethertap -options tap0 -o tap0 unit=0 -alias tap1 ethertap -options tap1 -o tap1 unit=1 -... -alias tap@emph{N} ethertap -options tap@emph{N} -o tap@emph{N} unit=@emph{N} -@end example - -Add as much alias/options lines as necessary. - - -@c ================================================================== -@node Configuration of Linux kernels 2.4.0 and higher -@subsection Configuration of Linux kernels 2.4.0 and higher +@node Configuration of Linux kernels +@subsection Configuration of Linux kernels @cindex Universal tun/tap -For kernels 2.4.0 and higher, you need a kernel that supports the Universal tun/tap device. +For tinc to work, you need a kernel that supports the Universal tun/tap device. Most distributions come with kernels that already support this. Here are the options you have to turn on when configuring a new kernel: @@ -295,11 +254,6 @@ Network device support It's not necessary to compile this driver as a module, even if you are going to run more than one instance of tinc. -If you have an early 2.4 kernel, you can choose both the tun/tap driver and the -`Ethertap network tap' device. This latter is marked obsolete, and chances are -that it won't even function correctly anymore. Make sure you select the -universal tun/tap driver. - If you decide to build the tun/tap driver as a kernel module, add these lines to @file{/etc/modules.conf}: @@ -323,9 +277,9 @@ Using tap devices is recommended. For OpenBSD version 2.9 and higher, the tun driver is included in the default kernel configuration. There is also a kernel patch from @uref{http://diehard.n-r-g.com/stuff/openbsd/} -which adds a tap device to OpenBSD. -This should work with tinc. - +which adds a tap device to OpenBSD which should work with tinc, +but with recent versions of OpenBSD, +a tun device can act as a tap device by setting the link0 option with ifconfig. @c ================================================================== @node Configuration of NetBSD kernels @@ -609,40 +563,16 @@ files on your system. @subsection Device files @cindex device files -First, you'll need the special device file(s) that form the interface -between the kernel and the daemon. - -The permissions for these files have to be such that only the super user -may read/write to this file. You'd want this, because otherwise -eavesdropping would become a bit too easy. This does, however, imply -that you'd have to run tincd as root. +Most operating systems nowadays come with the necessary device files by default, +or they have a mechanism to create them on demand. -If you use Linux and have a kernel version prior to 2.4.0, you have to make the -ethertap devices: +If you use Linux and do not have udev installed, +you may need to create the following device file if it does not exist: @example -mknod -m 600 /dev/tap0 c 36 16 -mknod -m 600 /dev/tap1 c 36 17 -... -mknod -m 600 /dev/tap@emph{N} c 36 @emph{N+16} +mknod -m 600 /dev/net/tun c 10 200 @end example -There is a maximum of 16 ethertap devices. - -If you use the universal tun/tap driver, you have to create the -following device file (unless it already exist): - -@example -mknod -m 600 /dev/tun c 10 200 -@end example - -If you use Linux, and you run the new 2.4 kernel using the devfs filesystem, -then the tun/tap device will probably be automatically generated as -@file{/dev/net/tun}. - -Unlike the ethertap device, you do not need multiple device files if -you are planning to run multiple tinc daemons. - @c ================================================================== @node Other files @@ -862,6 +792,48 @@ Under Windows, use @var{Interface} instead of @var{Device}. Note that you can only use one device per daemon. See also @ref{Device files}. +@cindex DeviceType +@item DeviceType = (only supported on BSD platforms) +The type of the virtual network device. +Tinc will normally automatically select the right type, and this option should not be used. +However, in case tinc does not seem to correctly interpret packets received from the virtual network device, +using this option might help. + +@table @asis +@item tun +Set type to tun. +Depending on the platform, this can either be with or without an address family header (see below). + +@cindex tunnohead +@item tunnohead +Set type to tun without an address family header. +Tinc will expect packets read from the virtual network device to start with an IP header. +On some platforms IPv6 packets cannot be read from or written to the device in this mode. + +@cindex tunifhead +@item tunifhead +Set type to tun with an address family header. +Tinc will expect packets read from the virtual network device +to start with a four byte header containing the address family, +followed by an IP header. +This mode should support both IPv4 and IPv6 packets. + +@item tap +Set type to tap. +Tinc will expect packets read from the virtual network device +to start with an Ethernet header. +@end table + +@cindex GraphDumpFile +@item GraphDumpFile = <@var{filename}> [experimental] +If this option is present, +tinc will dump the current network graph to the file @var{filename} +every minute, unless there were no changes to the graph. +The file is in a format that can be read by graphviz tools. +If @var{filename} starts with a pipe symbol |, +then the rest of the filename is interpreted as a shell command +that is executed, the graph is then sent to stdin. + @cindex Hostnames @item Hostnames = (no) This option selects whether IP addresses (both real and on the VPN) @@ -922,7 +894,8 @@ This only has effect when Mode is set to "switch". @cindex Name @item Name = <@var{name}> [required] -This is a symbolic name for this connection. It can be anything +This is a symbolic name for this connection. +The name should consist only of alfanumeric and underscore characters (a-z, A-Z, 0-9 and _). @cindex PingInterval @item PingInterval = <@var{seconds}> (60) @@ -1009,6 +982,15 @@ The length of the message authentication code used to authenticate UDP packets. Can be anything from 0 up to the length of the digest produced by the digest algorithm. +@cindex PMTU +@item PMTU = <@var{mtu}> (1514) +This option controls the initial path MTU to this node. + +@cindex PMTUDiscovery +@item PMTUDiscovery = (yes) +When this option is enabled, tinc will try to discover the path MTU to this node. +After the path MTU has been discovered, it will be enforced on the VPN. + @cindex Port @item Port = <@var{port}> (655) This is the port this tinc daemon listens on. @@ -1033,7 +1015,7 @@ in each host configuration file, if you want to be able to establish a connection with that host. @cindex Subnet -@item Subnet = <@var{address}[/@var{prefixlength}]> +@item Subnet = <@var{address}[/@var{prefixlength}[#@var{weight}]]> The subnet which this tinc daemon will serve. Tinc tries to look up which other daemon it should send a packet to by searching the appropiate subnet. If the packet matches a subnet, @@ -1057,8 +1039,14 @@ example: netmask 255.255.255.0 would become /24, 255.255.252.0 becomes /22. This conforms to standard CIDR notation as described in @uref{ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1519.txt, RFC1519} +A Subnet can be given a weight to indicate its priority over identical Subnets +owned by different nodes. The default weight is 10. Lower values indicate +higher priority. Packets will be sent to the node with the highest priority, +unless that node is not reachable, in which case the node with the next highest +priority will be tried, and so on. + @cindex TCPonly -@item TCPonly = (no) [experimental] +@item TCPonly = (no) If this variable is set to yes, then the packets are tunnelled over a TCP connection instead of a UDP connection. This is especially useful for those who want to run a tinc daemon from behind a masquerading