Only send small packets during UDP probes.

We are trying to decouple UDP probing from MTU probing, so only send
very small packets during UDP probing. This significantly reduces the
amount of traffic sent (54 to 67 bytes per probe instead of 1500 bytes).

This means the MTU probing code takes over sending PMTU sized probes,
but this commit does not take care of detecting PMTU decreases.